Physical attributes and yield of wheat seeds originated from plants under temporary flooding of the soil

ABSTRACT: The aim of this work was to evaluate whether there is any influence of temporary soil flooding on the agronomic performance and yield of wheat varieties. The experimental design was completely random blocks, in an 11x2 factorial scheme (eleven varieties and two soil water conditions), with four replications. Stress was imposed in the stage prior to plant anthesis. The assessments were made in two seasons (2016/2017) in relation to the number of spikelets in the main ear, number of seeds in the main ear, mass of seeds in the main ear, number of seeds in the tiller ear, mass of seeds in the tiller ear and yield in the useful area. The physical attributes number of seeds, seed mass and wheat seed yield, according to variety and agricultural year, are negatively affected by the temporary flooding (12 days) of the soil. There is influence of temporary soil flooding on the agronomic performance and yield of wheat varieties. The varieties TBio Toruk, TBio Sinuelo, TBio Sintonia, and CD151 are superior in soil flooding condition for the number of spikelets, number of seeds end for the seed mass attribute. In the soil at field capacity, the seeds produced have higher yield compared to those produced under flooding period, reaching about 309.2 Kg more for the variety TBio Sinuelo, 262 Kg for TBio Toruk and 114 Kg in CD1303.摘要：本研究旨在探究土壤临时淹水对小麦品种农艺表现与产量的影响。实验采用完全随机区组设计，设置11×2析因方案（11个小麦品种与2种土壤水分条件），共设置4次重复。胁迫处理施加于植株扬花期前的生长阶段。试验于2016/2017年两个生长季开展指标测定，测定指标包括主穗小穗数、主穗结实粒数、主穗粒重、分蘖穗结实粒数、分蘖穗粒重及试验有效区域产量。研究表明，时长12天的土壤临时淹水会对依品种与种植年份而定的结实粒数、粒重及小麦种子产量等物理性状产生负面影响。土壤临时淹水确实会对小麦品种的农艺表现与产量产生影响。针对小穗数、结实粒数与粒重性状，TBio Toruk、TBio Sinuelo、TBio Sintonia及CD151这四个品种在土壤淹水条件下表现更优。当土壤处于田间持水量状态时，各品种的种子产量均高于淹水处理组；其中TBio Sinuelo品种的产量差值可达约309.2千克，TBio Toruk为262千克，CD1303为114千克。