High-order methods for the simulation of unsteady counterflow flames subject to stochastic forcing of large amplitude

Unsteady counterflows are employed to understand and model the effect of turbulence on flames. We present a novel numerical approach for the simulation of one-dimensional unsteady counterflow flames with fourth order spatial discretization and up to fourth order time discretization. The approach couples a three-stage Lobatto IIIa formula for boundary value problems and variable-order, variable time step size Backward Differentiation Formulas for time integration. The framework is explained in detail, its computational performance is analysed, and its use is demonstrated for the case of stochastic forcing of premixed counterflow flames, whereby the imposed rate of strain is a multi-scale lognormal discrete random process with exponential autocorrelation. High-order spatial and temporal discretization make the approach well-suited for the accurate and computationally efficient simulation of the effect of turbulence on flames, which are characterised by large amplitude stochastic fluctuations of the local rate of strain.