Integrated correlation analysis of the thickness of the buccal bone and gingiva of the maxillary incisors

Objective: The purpose of this study was to validate the integrated correlation between the thickness of the buccal bone and the gingiva of the anterior maxilla and to gain insight into the reference plane selection when measuring these two tissues before treatment with implants. Methodology: CBCT and model scans of 350 included human subjects were registered in coDiagnostiX software to obtain sagittal maxillary incisor sections. The buccal bone thickness was measured at the coronal (2, 4 and 6 mm apical to the cementoenamel junction (CEJ)) and apical (0, 2 and 4 mm coronal to the apex plane) regions. The buccal gingival thickness was measured at the supra-CEJ (0, 1mm coronal to the CEJ) and sub-CEJ regions (1, 2, 4 and 6 mm apical to the CEJ). Canonical correlation analysis was performed for intergroup correlation analysis and the investigation of key parameters. Results: The mean thicknesses of the buccal bone and gingiva at different levels were 0.64~1.88 mm and 0.66~1.37 mm, respectively. There was a strong intergroup canonical correlation between the thickness of the buccal bone and that of the gingiva (r=0.837). The thickness of the buccal bone and gingiva at 2 mm apical to the CEJ are the most important indices with the highest canonical correlation coefficient and loadings. The most and least prevalent subgroups were the thin bone and thick gingiva group (accounting for 47.6%) and the thick bone and thick gingiva group (accounting for 8.6%). Conclusion: Within the limitations of this retrospective study, the thickness of the buccal bone is significantly correlated with that of the buccal gingiva, and the 2 mm region apical to the CEJ is a vital plane for quantifying the thickness of these two tissues.研究目的：本研究旨在验证上颌前牙区颊侧骨厚度与牙龈厚度的整合相关性，并探索种植治疗前测量这两种组织时的参考平面选择方案。 研究方法：纳入350名人类受试者，对其进行锥形束计算机断层扫描（Cone Beam Computed Tomography，CBCT）与模型扫描，将扫描数据配准至coDiagnostiX软件中以获取上颌切牙矢状断面。分别在牙骨质牙釉质界（CEJ）根方2、4、6mm的冠向区域，以及根尖平面冠方0、2、4mm的根向区域测量颊侧骨厚度；在牙骨质牙釉质界冠方0、1mm的龈上区域，以及牙骨质牙釉质界根方1、2、4、6mm的龈下区域测量颊侧牙龈厚度。采用典型相关分析开展组间相关性分析并筛选关键参数。 研究结果：不同测量位点的颊侧骨厚度与牙龈厚度均值分别为0.64~1.88 mm与0.66~1.37 mm。颊侧骨厚度与牙龈厚度之间存在显著的组间典型相关性（r=0.837）。牙骨质牙釉质界根方2mm处的颊侧骨与牙龈厚度为最重要的指标，其典型相关系数与载荷值均为最高。患病率最高与最低的亚组分别为薄骨厚牙龈组（占比47.6%）与厚骨厚牙龈组（占比8.6%）。 研究结论：在本回顾性研究的局限性范围内，上颌前牙区颊侧骨厚度与颊侧牙龈厚度存在显著相关性，且牙骨质牙釉质界根方2mm区域是量化这两种组织厚度的关键参考平面。