Norms or regulations, party types, spatial unit types and rights, restrictions and responsibilities in customary land and marine management and administration in Ambon Lease region, Indonesia

Data provides description on norms or regulations and associated party types, spatial unit types and rights, restrictions and responsibilities (3Rs) in customary land and marine management and administration in Ambon Lease region, Indonesia. The data is a part of analysis results in a research titled "Nature-based and integrated land-marine rights, restrictions and responsibilities management: Lessons learned from Ambon Lease region of Maluku Islands, Indonesia". The research objective is to provide a framework on integrated land and marine management and administration, which was executed based on the hypotheses that such an integration may be designed and implemented through (1) seamless land and sea environment management, (2) integrated land and marine 3Rs management and (3) nature-based solutions' application. To test such hypotheses, multiple case study and qualitative research approach was implemented in Ambon Lease region. The findings verify all hypotheses as (1) clear definition of spatial unit, (2) 3Rs that precisely addressed the environmental and/or social-cultural-religious and/or economic nature of every spatial unit, either on land or at sea and (3) the application of the construction of 3Rs management within customary land and marine administration system had not only provided a means to address the dynamics of land and sea environment through the application of nature-based and integrated land-marine 3Rs management but also led to the achievement of sustainable development in Ambon Lease region. The research was executed in case studies with the powerful customary land and marine management and administration institutions; the comprehensive understanding of all parties on social, economic and environmental nature of spatial units within this indigenous communities’ territories; and the high-level of knowledge, obedience and dedications to such institutions. Thus, the replication of the development of nature-based and integrated land-marine 3Rs management in other circumstances requires (1) the development of digital twin that accurately represent the environment, its components and its relationships among its components to comprehensively develop understanding of social, economic and environmental characteristics and functions, (2) integration of land and marine 3Rs management system land and marine administration systems and (3) providing education and capacity building for all parties.