ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES IN CENTRAL ASIA AND EVIDENCE-BASED STRATEGIES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Central Asia is facing severe environmental challenges driven by unsustainable natural resource management, climate change, and socio-economic transformations. This study aims to analyze key ecological problems in the region, including water scarcity, desertification, land degradation, and pollution, and to propose evidence-based mitigation strategies. The research is based on a systematic review of scientific literature, reports from international organizations, and regional statistical data. The findings indicate that inefficient irrigation practices, transboundary water mismanagement, and climate variability significantly contribute to environmental degradation. The study proposes integrated solutions such as regional water governance frameworks, adoption of water-saving technologies, ecosystem restoration, and policy reforms aligned with sustainable development goals. These measures are critical for ensuring long-term environmental stability and socio-economic resilience in Central Asia.