<b>Concordance of Oral and Anal Human Papillomavirus in Men Who Have Sex with Men Living with HIV in Northern Taiwan</b>

<b>Objectives: </b>To detect HPVs in oral and anal sites and explore the correlation between these 2 sites among HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM) in Taiwan.<b>Methods: </b>HIV-infected men who attended the outpatient clinics at Taoyuan General Hospital, Taiwan, were enrolled. Oral gargling and anal swabs were collected for linear array HPV genotyping tests.<b>Results: </b>A total of 196 participants were eligible for analysis. The mean age (±SD) was 32.2 (±6.9) years, and &gt;90% were MSM. Their mean (±SD) CD4 T+ cell count was 588 (± 267) cells/µL, and 73% had a fully suppressed viral load. Anal HPV was detected in 184 participants (93.8%), with 82.7% having oncogenic types. Oral HPV was detected in 21 participants (10.7%), with 28.6% having oncogenic types. Further, 45.5% (15/33) of oral genotypes were found on anal sites. Only 30.1% of participants used condoms during oral sex. Concordant oral HPVs were significantly associated with the number of anal HPV genotypes (odd ratio 1.51, 95% CI 1.21-1.88, p=0.015), after adjusting for variables such as sex party participation, web-met sex, history of sexually transmitted diseases, substance use, and number of anal oncogenic HPVs.<b>Conclusions: </b>Oral HPV infection is not uncommon among PLWH, with a substantial proportion of the same genotypes also found at anal sites. Emphasizing condom use during oral sex could be beneficial for HPV prevention among PLWH. Furthermore, HPV vaccination should be promoted among MSM living with HIV.