Table_1_Application of microbial organic fertilizers promotes the utilization of nutrients and restoration of microbial community structure and function in rhizosphere soils after dazomet fumigation.DOCX

IntroductionSoil fumigant dazomet is a broad-spectrum nematicide and fungicide that can kill non-target microbes. Fungicides or organic fertilizers are often added after fumigation to improve the recovery of soil microbes. However, the effect of adding microbial organic fertilizers (MOF) after fumigation on the structure and function of rhizosphere soil microbial communities of crops is unclear.MethodsTherefore, we investigated the effects of adding Junweinong and Junlisu MOFs after dazomet fumigation on the structure and function of rhizosphere microbial communities and its relationship with soil properties and enzyme activities.Results and discussionThe results showed that the addition of these two MOFs after dazomet fumigation significantly reduced the rhizosphere soil available phosphorus, available potassium, organic matter content, and urease, alkaline phosphatase, and catalase activities, but increased the soil pH compared with the fumigation treatment. The application of MOFs after fumigation resulted in significant enrichment of bacteria such as Gaiella, norank_f_Vicinamibacteraceae, and Flavisolibacter and fungi such as Peroneutypa, Olpidium, and Microascus in the rhizosphere soil of the crop and increased the relative abundance of functional genes of 13 kinds of amino acids metabolism, pyruvate metabolism, TCA cycle, and pentose phosphate pathway as well as endophytic and epiphytic functional groups in the rhizosphere soil. In particular, NH4+-N, pH, and AK had the greatest effect on rhizosphere microorganisms. Overall, the addition of MOFs after fumigation promoted crop root nutrient uptake, enhanced rhizosphere soil microbial metabolism, allowed more beneficial communities to colonize the roots, and promoted soil microbiological health.

引言：土壤熏蒸剂二嗪农是一种广谱性杀线虫剂和杀菌剂，能够消灭非目标微生物。通常在熏蒸后加入杀菌剂或有机肥料，以改善土壤微生物的恢复。然而，熏蒸后添加微生物有机肥料（MOF）对作物根际土壤微生物群落结构和功能的影响尚不明确。方法：因此，本研究调查了二嗪农熏蒸后添加均未农和均力素MOF对根际微生物群落结构和功能及其与土壤性质和酶活性的关系的影响。结果与讨论：结果显示，与熏蒸处理相比，熏蒸后添加这两种MOF显著降低了根际土壤中可利用磷、可利用钾、有机物含量以及脲酶、碱性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶的活性，但提高了土壤pH值。熏蒸后施用MOF导致了根际土壤中如盖拉菌属、未分类的Vicinamibacteraceae菌属和Flavisolibacter菌属等细菌以及如Peroneutypa属、Olpidium属和Microascus属等真菌的显著富集，并增加了根际土壤中13种氨基酸代谢、丙酮酸代谢、三羧酸循环和磷酸戊糖途径以及内生和附着功能基因的相对丰度。特别是NH4+-N、pH和AK对根际微生物的影响最为显著。总体而言，熏蒸后添加MOF促进了作物根系的养分吸收，增强了根际土壤微生物代谢，使更多有益的群落定殖于根系，并促进了土壤微生物的健康。