NNI Supplement to the President's 2011 Budget
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Centralimage:Adarkfieldopticalmicroscopeimageofbreastcancercellswithgoldnanopyramidsattachedtothecellsurfacesbyantibodiesonthenanopyramids.Becauseofthetargetingprovidedbytheantibodies,thegoldnanoparticlescanbeusedasbothlocalizedtherapeuticagentsanddiagnosticprobes.Thepyramidsareabout200nanometersattheirbaseandtapertoabout1nanometerattheirtips.Intheimageshown,thegoldnanopyramidsappearasbrightorangespots.Thecellsareabout10micrometersindiameter.Thenanoparticlescanbehaveashighcontrastprobestoidentifycancercellsandtovisualizethelocationofbiomarkers.Whenilluminatedwithnear-infraredlight,thenanopyramidsgenerateheatthatcanbeusedtolocallydestroycancercelswithoutharmingthesurroundinghealthycells.Theultra-sharptipandedgesofthenanopyramidsproducehighlyconcentratedelectromagneticfieldsthatcanfurtherenhancetheirheatingabilities(workfundedbyNIHNCIAllianceforNanotechnologyinCancerandNIHDirector’sPioneerAward;courtesyofTeriW.Odom,NorthwesternUniversity,http://chemgroups.northwestern.edu/odom/andThomasV.O’Halloran,NorthwesternUniversity,http://chemgroups.northwestern.edu/ohalloran/).Backgroundimage:False-colorscanningelectronmicroscopyimageofthegoldnanopyramidssituatedonsiliconpedestalsastheyareformedusinghigh-resolutionlithography;thespacingofthepedestalsisabouttwomicrometers.Thisimagedemonstrateshowanisotropicparticlesmadebynanofabricationmethodsarehighlyuniforminsizeandcanbethree-dimensionalinshape.Themethodalsoenablesselectivefunctionalizationofthenanoparticlesurfaces(workfundedbyNSF;courtesyofTeriW.Odom).
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美国国家纳米科技倡议



