Racial composition and homeownership influence the distribution of coastal armoring in South Carolina, United States

The desire to stabilize coastlines has led to widespread use of hard armoring infrastructure across the globe, however, ecologists and coastal managers have increasingly documented the deleterious effects of armoring on ecological communities. Although many studies have assessed economic and landscape correlates of armoring, few studies incorporate race as a predictor of armoring. Race may be an important force structuring the placement of armoring due to the long history of Black land loss in the US Southeast. Here, we assessed the distribution of armoring in the US state of South Carolina with respect to demographic and housing characteristics using a high spatial resolution data set and a combination of spatial statistics and generalized linear mixed models. We found clusters of high armoring counts in the more urbanized Beaufort and Charleston counties, with these clusters frequently occurring in large-scale, planned communities. We found a positive correlation between armor count a..., The data analyzed in this study were originally collected by Jackson (2017). Armoring data was associated with census block groups in ArcPro and then analyzed with respect to demographic data gathered from the Census Bureau via GLMMs in R.  A copy of the Jackson 2017 is provided in the \"Armoring_Supplemental\" folder.
Jackson, C. 2017. Mapping Coastal Erosion Hazards Along Sheltered Coastlines in South Carolina 1849 to 2015. South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management., ArcGIS Pro and R were used for analyses., # **Racial composition and homeownership influence the distribution of coastal armoring in South Carolina, United States**

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This text document contains a brief description of all the files in the \"Armoring_Data\" folder. All R scripts used to run the analysis are hosted on the associated Zenodo link and contain a separate README therein (\"0_README.R\"). If you have any questions or requests, please email me (Jeffrey Beauvais, he/him, [[e-mail]](mailto:[e-mail])).

## Description of the Data and file structure

### Parent folder: Armoring\_ArcPro\_Files

Some folders (\"BeauvaisByers_Armoring_Index\", \"GpMessages\", and \"ImportLog\") are empty and automatically generated by ArcGIS Pro when loading the program.

####  Sub-folder: BeauvaisByers\_Armoring.gdb 

Contains a geodatabase (.gdb file) with final point layers used in the analysis for dock counts, lengths, and geographic boundaries. Intermediate files were redundant and excluded, but are available ...,