Comparison of the state-of-the-art chatbots features and applications

Artificial intelligence (AI) has influenced how we engage in our every day activities by designing and evaluating advanced applications and devices, called intelligent agents, which can perform various functions. A chatbot is an artificial intelligence program and a Human–computer Interaction (HCI) model. According to the dictionary, a chatbot is ‘‘A computer program designed to simulate conversation with human users, especially over the Internet’’ (Chatbot |Definition of chatbot in English by Lexico Dictionaries, 2019). It uses Natural Language Processing (NLP) and sentiment analysis to communicate in human language by text or oral speech with humans or other chatbots. Artificial conversation entities, interactive agents, smart bots, and digital assistants are also known as chatbots. This is a comparison of the architectural features of the state-of-the-art chatbots as of 2022.