Description of the within-population genetic variation of western corn rootworm samples from Northern Italy and CSE Europe.

Note: NW: North-West. NE: North-East. CSE: Central and South-Eastern. ButtrioX: this sample was named Friuli in Ciosi et al. [6] and NE Italy in Miller et al. [12]. Distances to Oleggio are provided only for populations included in the spatial analysis. N: sample size. A: mean number of alleles per locus. A was determined by directcounts (DC) and allelic richness (AR) analysis. AR is based on the smallest sample size (N = 8 for several loci of the sample San Donà di Piave). Standard deviations between loci are shown in parentheses. H: mean expected heterozygosity [27]. p-HW: p-values for the exact test of deviation from HW equilibrium.