Leaf temperature, morpho-physiological traits involved in the leaf energy balance, and their genetic analysis in a grapevine diversity panel

This dataset comes from a panel of 279 grapevine (Vitis Vinifera L.) cultivars (Nicolas et al., 2016). Measurements were performed during the summer 2024 on 3-year-old plants grafted on SO4 rootstock (Vitis berlandieri × Vitis riparia) cultivated at Pech Rouge INRAE experimental station, Gruissan, in southern France (43.14° North | 3.14° East). The experimental trial contained 253 cultivars from the diversity panel, and was planted at 2.5 x 0.9 m spacing. Rows were oriented East-Southeast/West-Northwest. The experimental design consisted of two adjacent complete blocks with respectively 15 and 22 rows of variable length. Each row was subdivided into 13 or 21 elementary plots made of five contiguous plants of one same cultivar. On this panel, leaf temperature (Tleaf) and stomatal conductance were measured using a fluoro-porometer, leaf inclination with an inclinometer, leaf reflectance and transmittance were calculated from spectra obtained with an integrative sphere, leaf area and unfolding (ratio of folded area over spread area) were obtained by photographing the leaves and analysing their area on ImageJ. Leaves were systematically chosen as primary, fully expanded and well-irradiated, and measurements were performed from the beginning of June to the beginning of July. For all traits, the best linear unbiased predictors (BLUPs) of genetic values were estimated using mixed linear models taking into account some climatic variables. Along with genotypic data composed of 197,885 SNPs issued from microarray and genotyping-by-sequencing (Flutre et al., 2022) and reduced to 82,868 SNPs (exclusion of SNPs that did not vary across the panel, SNPs with a minor allelic frequency below 5% and duplicated positions, Coupel-Ledru et al., 2024), BLUPs were then used to perform three types of genome wide association studies (GWAS, MM4LMM, MLMM and varbvs) to detect SNPs associated with the different traits. BLUPs were further used in a mechanistic model of the leaf energy balance to better understand which of the morpho-physiological traits among those involved in the leaf energy balance could drive Tleaf genetic variation. The overall goals of this study were to investigate genomic regions associated with leaf temperature and whether these regions co-localized to morphophysiological traits, and to shed light on their respective weight in Tleaf regulation through the energy balance equations. The associated publication is: Chir Laurine, Boulord Romain, Coindre Eva, Segura Vincent, Saurin Nicolas, Doligez Agnès, Pallas Benoît, Simonneau Thierry, Coupel-Ledru Aude (2025). Genetic variability of leaf temperature and underlying morpho-physiological traits in a grapevine diversity panel. Journal of Experimental Botany. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraf324. English