Brassica oleracea var. capitata cultivar:D134 Genome sequencing and assembly. Brassica oleracea var. capitata cultivar:D134

Brassica oleracea comprises several important vegetable crops with extensive morphological diversity. Herein, we report a genome assembly of the cabbage double-haploid line D134. A combined strategy of single-molecule sequencing, 10X Genomics and chromosome conformation capture produced the most comprehensive B. oleracea genome to date. A total of 181 scaffolds accounting for 90.39% of the 575.74-Mb assembly were anchored onto nine pseudochromosomes. The D134 assembly is longer and more continuous than the current B. oleracea 02-12 and TO1000 reference genomes. We annotated high-quality protein-coding genes in D134 and identified genetic variations among D134, 02-12 and TO1000. Moreover, we identified new gene families and gene family expansions and contractions during B. oleracea evolution. This study provides a high-quality reference genome and should facilitate basic research on and improvement of Brassica crops.