Oncolytic virotherapy and platinum-based chemotherapy synergize to potentiate anti-tumor immunity through targeted engagement of chemo-persistent bystander CD8+ T cells [scRNA-seq]

We reported the CD8+ T cell exhaustion differences between chronic viral infection and tumor regarding their transcriptomic and epigenetic landscapes, immune checkpoint blockade responsiveness and underlying molecular mechanisms by using single-cell RNA-seq. Overall design: Exhausted P14 CD8+ T cells bearing a same TCR recognizing a same epitope presented in either chronic viral infection (LCMV-Cl13) or tumor (B16F10-GP) were harvested and performed with RNA-sequencing. Exhausted P14 CD8+ T cells were obtained from the livers or lungs of chronic virus-infected mice and from metastatic lungs/livers of tumor-engrafted mice. The chronic virus-infected or tumor-engrafted mice were treated with either anti-PD-L1 antibody or FTY720 or isotype antibody.