Comparison of demographic and clinical features of 17 fatal and 9 nonfatal H5N1 cases, China.

*Medians were compared between fatal and survival cases with the Wilcoxon rank sum test. For categorical variables, percentages of cases in each category were compared with Fisher's exact test.
†NA demotes not applicable.
‡Two fatal H5N1 cases had underlying medical conditions, including a 24-year-old pregnant woman [28] and a 16-year-old male with a 10-year history of minimal change glomerulopathy. Two surviving H5N1 cases had underlying medical conditions, including a 26-year-old pregnant woman and a 44-year-old female with a ten-year history of chronic bronchitis [unpublished data, China CDC].
#A higher proportion of cases survived that received any antiviral treatment compared to those that did not receive antivirals (67% [8/12 patients] vs 7% [1/14 patients], p = 0.003), and with a positive linear association: the Gamma coefficient equals 0.664 (p = 0.005) which indicate a positive correlation between antiviral therapy and disease outcome.
$High-dose corticosteroid use was defined as ≥250 mg hydrocortisone or equivalent intravenous (IV) administration daily. For children <13 years old, high-dose corticosteroid use was defined as ≥5 mg hydrocortisone or equivalent IV/kg/day.
¶[]: Indicates denominators for testing of fewer cases than full group.