Redox-proteomic analysis of pancreatic β-cells upon glucose stimulation

Redox signaling mediated by reversible oxidative cysteine thiol modifications is crucial for driving cellular adaptation to dynamic environmental changes, maintaining homeostasis, and ensuring proper function. This is particularly critical in pancreatic β-cells, which are highly metabolically active and play a specialized role in whole organism glucose homeostasis. Glucose stimulation in β-cells triggers signals leading to insulin secretion, including changes in ATP/ADP ratio and intracellular calcium levels. Additionally, lipid metabolism and reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling are essential for β-cell function and health. We employed IodoTMT isobaric labeling combined with tandem mass spectrometry to elucidate redox signaling pathways in pancreatic β-cells.