Impact of implant-associated particle exposure in human lymph nodes on the immune-cell profiles

Modern medicine relies heavily on metal implants. Recent studies suggest that even low levels of metal exposure can activate T-cell-mediated hypersensitivity reactions, leading to chronic inflammation and implant failure. However, the causal link between 'metal allergy' and the condition of the implant is still unknown. Our initial feasibility analysis revealed the presence of implant-associated particles in the lymph nodes of one patient, providing a basis for further systematic investigation. It is essential to reveal how implant –associated metals are presented to T cells in the lymph nodes. We aim to quantify and spatially correlate metal exposure, protein and immune cell distribution in human lymph node sections by combining µXRF and µXANES analysis with mass spectrometry-based molecular imaging techniques. We will provide new insights into the biological effects of implant-related metal exposure and their role in the chronic inflammation associated with implant failure.