Cell dynamics and responses of rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy revealed by scRNA-seq and ST-seq

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for rectal cancer (RC) shows a promising clinical response that is not inferior to chemoradiotherapy and avoids the side effects associated with radiation. However, the modulation of the tumour microenvironment (TME) and the connection between cellular composition and therapeutic response have not been comprehensively characterised. In this project, we use single-cell RNA sequencing (SC) and spatial transcriptome sequencing (ST) to examine the cell dynamics and therapeutic responses in 29 patients with RC, who are sampled pairwise before and after the treatment.

直肠癌（rectal cancer, RC）的新辅助化疗（neoadjuvant chemotherapy, NAC）可获得不劣于放化疗的理想临床疗效，且可规避放疗相关的不良反应。然而，该疗法对肿瘤微环境（tumour microenvironment, TME）的调控机制，以及细胞组成与治疗应答之间的关联，尚未得到全面解析。本项目针对29例直肠癌患者，采集其治疗前后的成对样本，采用单细胞RNA测序（single-cell RNA sequencing, SC）与空间转录组测序（spatial transcriptome sequencing, ST）技术，解析肿瘤组织内的细胞动态变化与治疗应答特征。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集通过单细胞RNA测序和空间转录组测序技术，研究了29名直肠癌患者在新辅助化疗治疗前后的细胞动态和反应。它旨在分析肿瘤微环境的调节机制以及细胞组成与治疗反应之间的关联，为直肠癌治疗提供分子层面的见解。数据集包含2个单细胞样本，属于医学领域的研究项目。