Research Advances in Neonatal Hemolytic Disease Caused by Unexpected Antibodies.

Unexpected antibody(Ab), including Rh, MNS, Diego, and other non-ABO system blood group Abs, can cause hemolytic diseases of the fetus and newborn (HDFN). In addition, non blood group incompatibility factors between mothers and fetus, such as immunoglobulin drugs, maternal autoantibodies, and breast milk Abs can also cause HDFN. These types of HDFN are characterized by low incidence but latency, rapid disease progression, and the risk of disability or death. Therefore, the review of the diagnosis and treatment of these types of HDFN is of great importance to obstetrical department. Currently, laboratory diagnosis of these types of HDFN mainly includes testing of pregnant women and testing of fetuses. Treatment methods include phototherapy, drug therapy, and blood therapy. Non-invasive fetal testing and treatment methods and researches have also drawn much attention in recent years. This article reviews the recent research and reports on HDFN caused by unexpected Abs, and summarizes the laboratory testing methods and treatment options in different situations.