Mean differences in cardiometabolic risk factors by body mass index and muscular fitness categories in girls.

Data are presented as marginal estimated mean ± SE.
MAP = mean arterial blood pressure (DBP + {0.333 x (SBP—DBP)}); Log Insulin = logarithm of fasting insulin; Log TG/HDL-c = logarithm of triglyceride to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio. CMRI = cardiometabolic risk index.
Categories of body mass index (BMI) are Normal Weight (NW), Overweight (OW) and Obesity (OB) according to gender-and-age-specific cut-offs defined by Cole and Lobstein. Categories of muscular fitness (an index was measured by the sum of the standardized z score of dynamometry/weight and standing long jump) are Lower Q (representing 1st quartile), Middle Q (2nd and 3rd quartiles), and Upper Q (4th quartile).
Model 1 controlling for age. All the pairwise mean comparisons using Bonferroni post-hoc test were statistically significant (p<0.001) (NWMiddle Q>Upper Q for muscular fitness), except for superscript letters.
Model 2 further adjustments for muscular fitness to BMI (NW
Analysis of differences in CMRI and cardiometabolic risk factors among SLJ and dynamometry/weight categories showed that the children with better MF had lower cardiometabolic risk (controlling for age); but when BMI was added as a covariate (model 2) the differences disappeared in both sexes (A–D Tables in S1 File). Similar results have been found when SLJ, dynamometry and MF index were normalized by allometric parameters (E–G Tables in S1 File) and also when we used residuals of body mass regression on the fitness phenotypes (data not shown).
Mean differences in cardiometabolic risk factors by body mass index and muscular fitness categories in girls.