SPSS dataset Anonymized raw dataset Manuscript 166859.sav

This research examines the relationship between transformational leadership and employee innovative behavior in Ethiopian public research universities, with a specific focus on the mediating role of organizational culture. Transformational leadership, characterized by inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, individualized consideration, and idealized influence, is considered a crucial factor in promoting creativity and innovation among employees.The study employed a cross-sectional survey design and collected data from academic and administrative staff across three public research universities in Ethiopia. Structured questionnaires were used to measure transformational leadership behaviors, organizational culture dimensions, and employee innovative behavior. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling to test both direct and mediated relationships.Findings indicate that transformational leadership has a significant positive effect on employee innovative behavior. Moreover, organizational culture partially mediates this relationship, suggesting that leaders’ behaviors shape cultural values and norms, which in turn foster employees’ innovation.This study contributes to the literature on leadership and innovation in higher education, particularly within the sub-Saharan African context. The results have practical implications for university leaders and policymakers to develop leadership strategies and supportive cultures that enhance innovation and organizational performance.