西藏三个地区的藏族人群Y染色体SNP及STR分型数据（2019-2021）

为研究藏族人群的父系遗传结构，我们采集了阿里（n=211）、昌都（n=119）和林芝（n=117）的男性藏族个体共447个。首先，通过SNP分型的方法，确定了每个样本的单倍群归属。其次，采用ABI 3130XL，用荧光标记引物对8个STR位点进行检测，以进一步研究该人群的Y染色体遗传多样性。结果表明，三个地区的藏族人群以D类群为主（阿里54.50%、林芝64.10%、昌都67.23%），其中D-P47的频率最高（阿里29.39%、林芝51.28%、昌都55.46%），D-N1则呈现相反的趋势，昌都10.92%、林芝11.97%、阿里21.33%。其次是O-M117（平均频率25.28%），其中阿里最高（29.86%）、其次是林芝（26.50%）和昌都（15.97%）。此外，相比于其他两个群体，阿里藏族群体中还有着较多的欧亚西部组分，如R-M17（1.42%）、R-M343（1.42%）、以及J类群，这反映了欧亚西部人群对藏族人群的遗传影响。本数据及和去年发布的拉萨藏族Y染色体数据相整合，能够实现不同藏族人群的遗传结构的比较，进而通过系统发育以及溯祖分析，能够揭示不同藏族人群的群体历史。

To investigate the paternal genetic structure of Tibetan populations, we collected a total of 447 male Tibetan individuals from three regions: Ali (n=211), Qamdo (n=119), and Nyingchi (n=117). First, we determined the haplogroup assignment of each sample via SNP genotyping. Second, we detected 8 STR loci using fluorescent-labeled primers on an ABI 3130XL genetic analyzer to further explore the Y-chromosomal genetic diversity of this population. The results showed that the Tibetan populations from the three regions were dominated by haplogroup D (54.50% in Ali, 64.10% in Nyingchi, 67.23% in Qamdo), among which haplogroup D-P47 exhibited the highest frequency (29.39% in Ali, 51.28% in Nyingchi, 55.46% in Qamdo), while D-N1 showed an opposite trend: 10.92% in Qamdo, 11.97% in Nyingchi, and 21.33% in Ali. The second most prevalent haplogroup was O-M117, with an average frequency of 25.28%, and the highest frequency was observed in Ali (29.86%), followed by Nyingchi (26.50%) and Qamdo (15.97%). Additionally, compared with the other two populations, the Tibetan group from Ali harbored more West Eurasian genetic components, such as R-M17 (1.42%), R-M343 (1.42%), and haplogroup J, which reflects the genetic influence of West Eurasian populations on Tibetan populations. This dataset, when integrated with the published Y-chromosomal data of Lhasa Tibetans released last year, enables comparative analyses of the genetic structures across different Tibetan populations. Subsequent phylogenetic and coalescent analyses can further reveal the population histories of diverse Tibetan groups.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集包含2019-2021年西藏阿里、昌都和林芝三个地区447名男性藏族个体的Y染色体SNP和STR分型数据，用于分析父系遗传结构。研究发现三个地区以D类群为主，其中D-P47频率最高，并存在欧亚西部遗传组分，揭示了藏族人群的遗传多样性和历史影响。数据以Excel格式提供，支持开放获取，适用于遗传比较和群体历史研究。