Wayfinding Robots for People with Visual Impairments

We aimed to establish the state of the science for robots supporting and assisting people with visual impairments (PwVI) by exploring the literature available on wayfinding robotics and identifying key concepts and trends over 40 years (1984-2024). We included over 150 works, and from those synthesized (1) unifying definitions of wayfinding and robotic wayfinding across fields including robotics, human factors, urban theory, and several other social sciences in the context of assistive robotics technologies for PwVI, and (2) rigorous classification along axes of embodiment, communication, sensing, and user evaluation. See our project website here: https://wayfinding-robots.github.io/<br>