Annual survival in a dynamic species: Pronghorn survival patterns across their northern range

Quantifying variation in demographic patterns, such as survival and recruitment, is critical for understanding population dynamics and informing evidence-based and adaptive wildlife management. In this study, we leverage an extensive dataset from over 1,000 GPS collared pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) to provide the first large-scale evaluation of survival patterns for an iconic North American ungulate. This research spans multiple years, regions, and age and sex classes, and includes more than 3,000 animal-years of monitoring, representing the most spatially and temporally extensive survival dataset for the species to date. Using a hierarchical Bayesian analytical framework, we estimate the process distribution of survival, thereby capturing true biological variation in adult females, adult males, and juveniles. Our results reveal that, across pronghorn populations, mean pronghorn survival is variable yet statistically consistent across regions and through time. In contrast..., , # Data from: Annual survival in a dynamic species: Pronghorn survival patterns across their northern range

Dataset DOI: [10.5061/dryad.dv41ns2cd](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.dv41ns2cd)

## Description of the data and file structure

**Overview**

This Dryad archive contains data supporting a Wildlife Biology manuscript examining pronghorn (*Antilocapra americana*) survival across multiple study areas and years. The dataset includes (1) study-area–level and annual environmental covariates and (2) individual-level encounter histories and metadata for pronghorn monitored over a 36‑month period. Data are organized to support time‑to‑event and capture–recapture / known‑fate survival analyses.

The archive includes encounter history data for female pronghorn over three years (36 months), as well as corresponding datasets for male pronghorn and juvenile pronghorn (6‑month monitoring window).

**File inventory**

**1. covariates.csv**

**Description:** Study area– and year‑specific environme...,