Host 5-HT affects Plasmodium transmission in mosquitoes via modulating mosquito mitochondrial homeostasis

Malaria parasites hijack the metabolism of their mammalian host during the blood-stage cycle. Anophelesmosquitoes depend on mammalian blood to survive and to transmit malaria parasites. However, it remains understudied whether changes in host metabolism affect parasite transmission in mosquitoes. In this study, we discovered that Plasmodium infection significantly decreased the levels of the tryptophan metabolite, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), in both humans and mice. The reduction led to the decrease of 5-HT in mosquitoes. Oral supplementation of 5-HT to Anopheles stephensi enhanced its resistance to Plasmodium berghei infection by promoting the generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. This effect was due to the accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria caused by 5-HT-mediated inhibition of mitophagy. Elevating 5-HT levels in mouse serum significantly suppressed parasite infection in mosquitoes. In summary, our data highlight the critical role of metabolites in animal blood ..., , , # Data from: Host 5-HT affects Plasmodium transmission in mosquitoes via modulating mosquito mitochondrial homeostasis

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.jdfn2z3kp](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.jdfn2z3kp)

## Description of the data and file structure

We have submitted our **LC/MS data** (Raw_Data: fig.1b-e and s1c), **relative gene expression data** (Raw_Data: fig. 1k, 2a, 3a, 4g, s2f and s4b), **the number of *Plasmodium*** in midgut of *Anopheles* mosquitoes (Raw_Data: fig.1i, 1j, 1m, 2c, 2f, 4h, 4k, 5c, 5h, s2h and s2j ), **5-HT concentration** (Raw_Data: fig. 1f, 1h, 5b, 5e, s1a, s1b,s1f and s5d), **fluorescence signal statistical data** (Raw_Data: fig.2b, 2d, 2e, 3e, 4a, 4d, 4i, 4j, 5g, s2a, s2b, s2g, s2i, s3a and s4a) and **raw images of Western blot** (Raw_Data: fig.3b and 4e). The data order is arranged according to the figure presented in the paper.

**LC/MS data:**

N: healthy adults/ mice

I: *Plasmodium* infected adults/ mice

**Relative gene expression data:**

Male gametog...,