ACS Children by Parental Labor Force Participation Variables - Centroids

Retirement Notice: This item is in mature support as of February 2026 and will retire in December 2027. A new version of this item is available for your use. Esri recommends updating your maps and apps to use the new version. This layer shows children by age group by parents' labor force participation. This is shown by tract, county, and state centroids. This service is updated annually to contain the most currently released American Community Survey (ACS) 5-year data, and contains estimates and margins of error. There are also additional calculated attributes related to this topic, which can be mapped or used within analysis. This layer is symbolized to show the count and percent of children with no available (residential) parent in the labor force. To see the full list of attributes available in this service, go to the "Data" tab, and choose "Fields" at the top left. Vintage: 2019-2023 ACS Table(s): B23008 Data downloaded from: Census Bureau's API for American Community Survey Date of API call: December 12, 2024 National Figures: data.census.gov The United States Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS): About the Survey Geography & ACS Technical Documentation News & Updates This ready-to-use layer can be used within ArcGIS Pro, ArcGIS Online and its configurable apps, dashboards, Story Maps, custom apps, and mobile apps. Data can also be exported for offline workflows. For more information about ACS layers, visit the FAQ. Please cite the Census and ACS when using this data. Data Note from the Census: Data are based on a sample and are subject to sampling variability. The degree of uncertainty for an estimate arising from sampling variability is represented through the use of a margin of error. The value shown here is the 90 percent margin of error. The margin of error can be interpreted as providing a 90 percent probability that the interval defined by the estimate minus the margin of error and the estimate plus the margin of error (the lower and upper confidence bounds) contains the true value. In addition to sampling variability, the ACS estimates are subject to nonsampling error (for a discussion of nonsampling variability, see Accuracy of the Data). The effect of nonsampling error is not represented in these tables. Data Processing Notes: This layer is updated automatically when the most current vintage of ACS data is released each year, usually in December. The layer always contains the latest available ACS 5-year estimates. It is updated annually within days of the Census Bureau's release schedule. Click here to learn more about ACS data releases. Boundaries come from the US Census TIGER geodatabases, specifically, the National Sub-State Geography Database (named tlgdb_(year)_a_us_substategeo.gdb). Boundaries are updated at the same time as the data updates (annually), and the boundary vintage appropriately matches the data vintage as specified by the Census. These are Census boundaries with water and/or coastlines erased for cartographic and mapping purposes. For census tracts, the water cutouts are derived from a subset of the 2020 Areal Hydrography boundaries offered by TIGER. Water bodies and rivers which are 50 million square meters or larger (mid to large sized water bodies) are erased from the tract level boundaries, as well as additional important features. For state and county boundaries, the water and coastlines are derived from the coastlines of the 2023 500k TIGER Cartographic Boundary Shapefiles. These are erased to more accurately portray the coastlines and Great Lakes. The original AWATER and ALAND fields are still available as attributes within the data table (units are square meters). The States layer contains 52 records - all US states, Washington D.C., and Puerto Rico Census tracts with no population that occur in areas of water, such as oceans, are removed from this data service (Census Tracts beginning with 99). Percentages and derived counts, and associated margins of error, are calculated values (that can be identified by the "_calc_" stub in the field name), and abide by the specifications defined by the American Community Survey. Field alias names were created based on the Table Shells file available from the American Community Survey Summary File Documentation page. Negative values (e.g., -4444...) have been set to null, with the exception of -5555... which has been set to zero. These negative values exist in the raw API data to indicate the following situations: The margin of error column indicates that either no sample observations or too few sample observations were available to compute a standard error and thus the margin of error. A statistical test is not appropriate. Either no sample observations or too few sample observations were available to compute an estimate, or a ratio of medians cannot be calculated because one or both of the median estimates falls in the lowest interval or upper interval of an open-ended distribution. The median falls in the lowest interval of an open-ended distribution, or in the upper interval of an open-ended distribution. A statistical test is not appropriate. The estimate is controlled. A statistical test for sampling variability is not appropriate. The data for this geographic area cannot be displayed because the number of sample cases is too small.

服务终止通知：本产品自2026年2月起进入成熟支持阶段，并将于2027年12月正式停用。当前已有新版本可供使用，Esri建议您将地图与应用更新至新版本。

本图层展示了按父母劳动力参与情况划分的各年龄段儿童分布，以人口普查区（Census Tract）、县及州质心的形式呈现。本服务每年更新一次，采用最新发布的美国社区调查（American Community Survey，ACS）5年期数据，包含估算值与误差边际。此外还提供与该主题相关的衍生计算属性，可用于制图或分析工作。

该图层通过符号化展示无可用（居住）劳动力父母的儿童数量与占比。如需查看本服务中所有可用属性列表，请转到"数据"选项卡，并选择左上角的"字段"选项。

数据时段：2019-2023年ACS表（表号：B23008）
数据下载来源：美国人口普查局ACS应用程序编程接口（Application Programming Interface，API）
API调用日期：2024年12月12日
全国数据来源：data.census.gov

美国人口普查局美国社区调查（ACS）：调查概况、地理信息规范、ACS技术文档及最新动态

本即用型图层可在ArcGIS Pro、ArcGIS Online及其可配置应用、仪表板、Story Maps、自定义应用与移动应用中使用。数据也可导出用于离线工作流。如需了解ACS图层的更多信息，请访问常见问题解答（Frequently Asked Questions，FAQ）。使用本数据时，请引用美国人口普查局与ACS。

美国人口普查局数据说明：本数据基于抽样调查，存在抽样变异性。抽样变异性带来的估算值不确定性通过误差边际体现。此处展示的为90%置信水平的误差边际，其含义为：估算值加减误差边际所形成的区间（即置信上下限）有90%的概率包含真实数值。

除抽样变异性外，ACS估算值还存在非抽样误差（关于非抽样变异性的讨论，请参见《数据准确性》文档），本数据集未体现非抽样误差的影响。

数据处理说明：本图层会在每年最新周期的ACS数据发布时自动更新，通常发布时间为12月。图层始终包含最新可用的ACS 5年期估算值，会在美国人口普查局发布数据后的数日内完成年度更新。点击此处了解ACS数据发布的更多详情。

地理边界源自美国人口普查局TIGER地理数据库，具体为国家州以下地理数据库（命名格式为`tlgdb_(year)_a_us_substategeo.gdb`）。边界数据与数据同步每年更新，且边界版本周期与普查局规定的数据版本周期完全匹配。

为满足制图需求，本数据移除了普查边界中的水体与海岸线要素。对于人口普查区，水体移除范围源自TIGER提供的2020年区域水文边界子集：面积≥5000万平方米的大中型水体与河流，以及其他重要要素，均已从普查区边界中移除。对于州与县级边界，水体与海岸线源自2023年500k分辨率TIGER制图边界形状文件的海岸线数据，移除这些要素可更精准地呈现海岸线与五大湖区域。

数据表格中仍保留原始的`AWATER`与`ALAND`字段作为属性（单位：平方米）。州级图层共包含52条记录，涵盖美国所有州、华盛顿哥伦比亚特区与波多黎各。位于海洋等水体区域的无人口普查区（即编号以99开头的普查区）已从本数据服务中移除。

占比、衍生计数及相关误差边际均为计算值（可通过字段名中的`_calc_`前缀识别），且符合ACS的规范要求。字段别名源自美国社区调查汇总文件文档页面提供的表框架文件。

除`-5555…`被设为0外，其余负值（如`-4444…`）均已被设为空值。原始API数据中的负值用于标识以下场景：
1. 误差边际列显示：无可用样本观测值或样本观测值过少，无法计算标准误及误差边际，此时不适合进行统计检验；
2. 无可用样本观测值或样本观测值过少，无法计算估算值；或因中位数估算值落在开放式分布的最低区间或最高区间，无法计算中位数比值；
3. 中位数落在开放式分布的最低区间或最高区间；
4. 不适合进行统计检验；
5. 估算值已被控制；
6. 针对抽样变异性的统计检验不适用；
7. 样本量过小，无法展示该地理区域的数据。