Ice Surface Velocity in the Eastern Arctic from Past Spaceborne Satellite SAR data

Nearly complete mosaics of winter ice surface velocities for the 1990's over the Eastern Arctic (Novaya Zemlya, Franz-Josef-Land, Severnaya Zemlya and Svalbard) were compiled based on historical SAR data. Offset-tracking to JERS-1 SAR data of the time period 1992-1998 was mainly applied. Data gaps were complemented using SAR interferometry and offset-tracking of ERS-1/2 SAR data of the time period 1991-1997. Knowledge on ice surface velocity of glaciers and ice caps contributes to a better understanding of a wide range of processes related to glacier dynamics, mass change and response to climate. In order to study long-term variability of winter ice surface velocity from the 1990's to present, velocity maps computed with offset-tracking from 2008-2011 ALOS-1 PALSAR-1 and 2020-2021 Sentinel-1 data are also provided.基于历史合成孔径雷达（Synthetic Aperture Radar, SAR）数据，我们编制得到1990年代东北极地区（新地岛（Novaya Zemlya）、法兰士约瑟夫地群岛（Franz-Josef-Land）、北地群岛（Severnaya Zemlya）与斯瓦尔巴群岛（Svalbard））的近完整冬季冰面速度镶嵌图。本研究主要采用针对1992-1998年JERS-1 SAR数据的偏移跟踪（Offset-tracking）方法，针对数据空白区域，则通过1991-1997年ERS-1/2 SAR数据的合成孔径雷达干涉测量（SAR Interferometry）与偏移跟踪技术进行补全。冰川与冰盖的冰面速度数据，有助于更全面地理解与冰川动力学、物质平衡变化及气候响应相关的各类过程。为研究1990年代至今冬季冰面速度的长期变化特征，本数据集还提供了基于2008-2011年ALOS-1 PALSAR-1与2020-2021年Sentinel-1数据，通过偏移跟踪法计算得到的速度图。