Genomic parallelism defines repeated evolution of an inducible offense

The study for which these data were generated is summarized as follows: A common developmental response to resource competition is an inducible offense, which involves the facultative predation of competitors. At its extreme, this response involves the development of alternative phenotypic morphs, or polyphenism. However, how polyphenism evolves to meet ecological challenges, such as competitor species, is unknown. Using replicated experimental evolution, during which starved nematodes could consume heterospecific competitors, we investigated whether induction of a predatory morph could evolve and how generalizable the genetic basis of this change is. Fifty generations of evolution across multiple populations resulted in parallel changes in higher morph induction and parallel genomic responses, including repeated selection for a specific transcription-factor binding-site variant. In tandem, we artificially selected directly for tooth morphology and drove the predatory morph near fixatio..., These data correspond to phenotypic and genetic data from an experimental evolution and artificial selection study exploring the genetic bases of polyphenism evolution in a new environment. Primary data include counts of predatory and microbivore feeding morphs over generations, downstream analysis of pool-sequencing data from 54 populations of nematodes, functional phenotype and genetic information of mutant lines, and code for processing and analyzing the data.
, , # Data from: **Genomic parallelism defines repeated evolution of an inducible offense**

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.1zcrjdg33](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.1zcrjdg33)

## Description of the data and file structure

*Pristionchus exspectatus* nematode populations were allowed to evolve in a microbivore-favoring environment or a predator-favoring environment. Morph was determined for 50 males and females every generation for 50 generations. Periodically, the morph of populations evolving in the predatory environment was also determined in the microbivore environment.

In addition, artificial selection was used to specifically target the mouth morphology of worms. Predatory worms were selected for 20 generations. At the same time, control populations, where morphology was not considered when founding the next generation, were also maintained for 20 generations.

Twenty-two population pairs from experimental evolution and five population pairs from artificial selection were then sequen...,