A multicomponent intervention combining physical exercise and food and nutrition education modulates gut microbiome and improves cardiac autonomic function in childhood obesity: a pre-post trial

Although it is known that physical exercise affects the microbiome-gut-brainaxis pathways through vagal communication between the gut and the brain, there isno evidence that physical exercise can improve cardiac autonomic function bymodulating the gut microbiome in childhood obesity. Therefore, this study aimed toinvestigate the effects of a 4-month multicomponent protocol consisting of physicalexercise and food and nutrition education on the gut microbiome and cardiacautonomic function in schoolchildren with obesity.