Ocean pressure data measured beneath the Ross Ice Shelf responding to the 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai tsunami

on the 15 january 2022, the volcano hunga tonga–hunga ha'apai in the southwest pacific ocean (20°32'32.37"s 175°23'38.67"w) erupted in what proved to be the most powerful such event since krakatau in 1883. among the many impacts of the eruption, a substantial tsunami propagated throughout the southwest pacific ocean. the signatures of the eruption were recorded at a wide range of recording stations globally including the atmospheric pressure wave, the tsunami itself and in addition, higher order responses such as a tsunami associated with the pressure wave. here we describe what is likely the most southerly oceanic measurement of the tsunami arrival as the event was detected in a sub-ice mooring at the grounding line of the ross ice shelf at 82.47 o south. it was recorded on the margin of the ross ice shelf along the siple coast at the kis2 (kamb ice stream 2) field camp by instruments deployed to record ice-ocean interactions in order to improve understand ocean effects on ice sheet stability.the data were recorded at the kamb ice stream kis2 camp (latitude -82.470442; longitude -152.291643°). the channel is around 6 km long, 250 m high and 150 m wide beneath 410 m of ice and snow. in early 2022 a hot water borehole was drilled through the ice shelf to access the ocean. hydrographic instruments were suspended in the ocean cavity late on the 11th of january 2022 local time and four days later and 7,000 km to the north, the hunga tonga–hunga ha'apai eruption occurred.at the instrument location the ice underside was at a pressure of 409 dbar and the sea floor was at 650 dbar. the instruments providing the data were three rbr concerto ctds (conductivity temperature depth instruments). these instruments included a pressure sensor rated to 1000 (dbar) with an initial accuracy of ±0.05% full scale and a resolution <0.001% full scale so 1 cm. sampling was at 1 minute intervals and sensor response time is <0.01s. the three instruments were at pressures of 425, 495 and 648 dbar respectively and all three gave consistent readings.

2022年1月15日，西南太平洋（南纬20°32'32.37"，西经175°23'38.67”）的火山胡加汤加-胡加哈帕伊（Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai）爆发，经证实，此次爆发是自1883年克拉卡托火山（Krakatoa）爆发以来最为剧烈的一次。此次喷发的影响诸多，其中之一是产生了波及整个西南太平洋的巨大海啸。爆发特征在全球范围内的多个记录站得到记录，包括大气压力波、海啸本身，以及与压力波相关的更高阶响应。在本研究中，我们描述了可能是最南端的海啸到达测量，该事件在南纬82.47°的罗斯冰架（Ross Ice Shelf）的冰缘处的海底系泊物中被检测到。这些数据是在罗斯冰架斯皮尔海岸（Siple Coast）的Kis2（Kamb Ice Stream 2）营地边缘由用于记录冰-海洋相互作用、以增进对冰盖稳定性影响的海洋效应理解的仪器所记录的。数据记录于坎贝尔冰流Kis2营地（纬度-82.470442，经度-152.291643°）。该通道位于冰下约410米处，长度约6公里，高度约250米，宽度约150米。2022年初，通过冰架钻探了热水钻孔以进入海洋。2022年1月11日晚，将水文仪器悬挂在海洋腔室中，四天后，在北方7000公里处，发生了胡加汤加-胡加哈帕伊的喷发。在仪器位置，冰下压力为409 dbar，海底压力为650 dbar。提供数据的仪器是三台RBR Concerto CTD（电导率、温度、深度仪器）。这些仪器包括一个压力传感器，其额定值为1000 dbar，初始精度为±0.05%满量程，分辨率为<0.001%满量程，因此为1 cm。采样间隔为1分钟，传感器响应时间<0.01秒。三台仪器的压力分别为425、495和648 dbar，所有三台仪器均给出了一致的读数。