Data underlying the research of Immuno-haematological and growth responses of Nile tilapia exposed during dry season to agricultural effluents in Batran water reservoir located at the Benin cotton basin

Since 1992, cotton has been Benin's top agricultural sector, constituting over 35% of its exports. Production focuses on the northern region, primarily in the Borgou and Alibori departments, contributing around 70% of the nation's output. However, cotton farming faces challenges from pests, leading to extensive pesticide use. In 2015, Benin spent $6.8 million on pesticides, half of which were highly hazardous. Unfortunately, only 1% effectively targets pests, while the remaining 99% pollute ecosystems, particularly aquatic ones. This pollution affects water bodies crucial for fish, supplying over 60% of the region's fresh fish, including Oreochromis niloticus. Consequently, pesticide contamination poses environmental and health risks. To assess this, a study was conducted to examined the impacts of cotton field effluents on Oreochromis niloticus in Batran water reservoir on the immune, haematological, and growth responses during the dry season. The 56-day in-situ experiment, approved by the University of Parakou's Faculty of Agronomy, adhered to animal care guidelines using a 2 × 1 experimental design with a pen culture system and two environments: the Batran water reservoir (polluted environment) and a concrete tank at the Aquaculture Research Station (SRIA) of the University of Parakou (reference environment).<br>

自1992年起，棉花便成为贝宁的核心农业支柱产业，出口额占该国总出口额的35%以上。棉花生产主要集中于北部地区，尤以博尔古省（Borgou）与阿里博里省（Alibori）为核心，其产量约占全国棉花总产量的70%。然而，棉花种植面临虫害威胁，导致农药大规模施用。2015年，贝宁在农药上的投入达680万美元，其中半数为高毒性农药。遗憾的是，仅有1%的农药能有效杀灭目标害虫，剩余99%则会污染生态系统，尤其是水生生态系统。此类污染会危及对渔业至关重要的水体——这些水体为该区域提供了超过60%的鲜鱼，其中便包括尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）。因此，农药污染会带来环境与健康双重风险。为评估该风险，本研究针对旱季时节巴特朗水库（Batran water reservoir）中棉花田径流对尼罗罗非鱼免疫、血液学及生长响应的影响展开实验。本次为期56天的原位实验已获得帕拉库大学农学院（University of Parakou's Faculty of Agronomy）批准，严格遵循动物护理准则，采用2×1实验设计搭配围网养殖系统，设置两类实验环境：一是巴特朗水库（污染环境），二是帕拉库大学水产养殖研究站（Aquaculture Research Station, SRIA）的混凝土水槽（对照环境）。