<b>Overlap between priority conservation areas and natural assets appeals to a shared responsibility for global primate conservation</b>

<b>Abstract</b>Expanding protected areas (PAs) coverage to match countries’ conservation responsibility is vital to stemming global biodiversity loss. Uneven biodiversity distribution and conservation responsibility among countries pose challenges to the implementation of conservation targets, and currently diminishes conservation effectiveness. Using primates as a global model, we evaluated the conservation responsibility of countries to assess if their PA coverage adequately meets their conservation responsibility. We quantified spatial national responsibility for primate species conservation in each country from their range size of priority conservation areas (PCAs) and protected areas coverage on PCAs. We identified the high-responsibility countries for global primate conservation as countries that held &gt; 1% of global PCAs. We paid particular attention to the circumstances associated with PCAs in the least developed countries, especially the overlap between PCAs and the areas containing natural assets (natural assets areas). Seventeen countries were identified as high-responsibility countries that in total covered 84% area of global PCAs. Current protected areas only covered less than 50% of PCAs for fifteen of these high-responsibility countries. Among these fifteen countries, four countries (DR Congo, PA coverage: 19%; Myanmar, 9%; Madagascar, 29%; Laos, 22%) were the least developed countries. Most existing PCAs (95%; SD 6%) in these 17 countries are located within natural assets areas, which creates tension between primate conservation and local development. Global primate conservation is a shared responsibility among the international community. Developing countries have greater responsibility than most because of the overlapping of their PCAs with natural assets areas. For developing countries to fulfill their conservation responsibilities requires international conservation resources (funding support and cooperation). Protected areas expansion has to be matched with a realizable target for each country to avoid crippling conflicts between conservation and local development. Community-based management models, including other effective area-based conservation measures, may reduce potential conflict and improve conservation effectiveness.<b>Data and code</b>1. priority conservation rank mapThis part includes feature files, setting files, and final output for priority conservation rank map2. PA layer (raster)<br><b>Competing interests:</b>The Authors declare that they have no competing interests.<b>Data and materials availability: </b>All data needed to evaluate the conclusions in the paper are present in the paper and/or the Supplementary Materials.<b>摘要</b>扩大保护区（protected areas, PAs）覆盖范围以匹配各国的保护责任，对遏制全球生物多样性丧失至关重要。各国间生物多样性分布与保护责任不均，给保护目标的落实带来挑战，目前也削弱了保护成效。本研究以灵长类动物为全球模型，评估各国的保护责任，以判断其保护区覆盖是否充分匹配其保护责任。我们基于优先保护区域（priority conservation areas, PCAs）的分布范围及优先保护区域上的保护区覆盖情况，量化各国在灵长类物种保护上的空间国家责任。我们将全球灵长类保护高责任国定义为拥有超过1%全球优先保护区域的国家。我们特别关注最不发达国家的优先保护区域情况，尤其是优先保护区域与自然资产区域（natural assets areas）的重叠情况。共有17个国家被认定为高责任国，其覆盖的全球优先保护区域总面积达84%。目前，这些高责任国中已有15个国家的保护区仅覆盖了不足50%的优先保护区域。在这15个国家中，有4个为最不发达国家：刚果民主共和国（DR Congo，保护区覆盖率19%）、缅甸（9%）、马达加斯加（29%）、老挝（22%）。这17个国家中绝大多数现有优先保护区域（95%；标准差6%）位于自然资产区域内，这在灵长类保护与地方发展之间造成了矛盾。全球灵长类保护是国际社会的共同责任。由于优先保护区域与自然资产区域的重叠，发展中国家承担着比多数国家更大的责任。发展中国家要履行其保护责任，需要国际社会提供保护资源（资金支持与合作）。保护区扩张必须匹配各国可实现的目标，以避免保护与地方发展之间产生难以调和的冲突。基于社区的管理模式（包括其他有效的基于区域的保护措施）或可减少潜在冲突，提升保护成效。<b>数据与代码</b>1. 优先保护等级分布图本部分包含优先保护等级分布图的特征文件、配置文件与最终输出结果。2. 保护区图层（栅格）<br><b>利益冲突声明：</b>作者声明无利益冲突。<b>数据与材料可用性：</b>评估本文结论所需的全部数据均已收录于论文及/或补充材料中。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集聚焦全球灵长类保护，评估了各国优先保护区域与自然资产区域的重叠情况，以衡量保护责任。研究发现17个高责任国家覆盖了全球84%的优先保护区域，但其中多数国家的保护区覆盖率不足50%，尤其是在最不发达国家如刚果民主共和国、缅甸等，重叠区域导致保护与当地发展冲突。数据集包含优先保护等级地图和保护区栅格文件等数据，支持国际共享责任和资源再分配的分析。