Human Placenta–Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attenuate Hippocampal Aging-Associated Transcriptomic Profiles in Aged Mice

Background Intravenous human placenta–derived mesenchymal stem cells (hpMSCs) can improve tissue function through paracrine effects, but their impact on normal brain aging is not well defined. Methods Aged female mice (18–19 months) received three intravenous infusions of hpMSCs or PBS at six-week intervals. Hippocampal tissue was collected after the behavioral tests for RNA sequencing. Results RNA sequencing showed hpMSCs' effectiveness in modulating aging-related neural pathways, particularly by downregulating age-specific genes in the hippocampus, indicative of neural reactivation. Conclusions Systemic hpMSC administration modulates neural pathways in aged mice. Overall design: RNA-Seq profiling of hippocampal tissue from hpMSC-treated and PBS-treated aged mice