Enhancing the success rate of paleointensity measurements by integrating visible and near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy and rock magnetism [Dataset]

The history of geomagnetic field evolution can provide significant constraints for the Earth's evolution. However, the lack of understanding of the properties of magnetic minerals in rocks, their alterations in nature and experiments, and the lack of effective observation methods limit the acquisition of high-quality paleointensity data. This study summarizes the properties of various thermally unstable minerals and introduces visible and near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy to achieve rapid detection, which provides a clearer understanding of various reactions that occur during nature and experimentation. Spectral mineralogy and rock magnetism complement each other and can efficiently identify secondary magnetic minerals, unstable magnetic minerals, and magnetic domain states to greatly improve the reliability and efficiency of the paleointensity and paleodirection studies.