Study on design and optimization of liquid cooling plate for lithium-ion batteries based on vein biomimetic flow

With the continuous development of electric vehicles, there is an increasing need in the market for long distances and rapid charging of electric vehicles (EVs). However, elevated charging rate and enhanced capacity of lithium-ion batteries will elevate the risk of thermal runaway in batteries, potentially resulting in fire incidents in EVs. To address this critical issue, this paper introduces a battery cooling system based on a veined flow channel liquid cooling plate (LCP-VC), inspired by the leaf veins. The advantages of LCP-VC were rigorously evaluated by a range of parameters including pressure drop (ΔP), flow, maximum temperature (Tmax) and maximum temperature difference (ΔTmax) at 5C discharge rate. Through continuous optimization of the vein structure, the optimal structural parameters were determined to be: the width of the veins is 6 mm, three coolant inlets, and a coolant inlet flow rate of 0.3 m/s. Under these optimal conditions, the Tmax was determined to be 300.9 K, with a ΔTmax of 2.31 K, and a ΔP of 32.416 Pa across a single LCP-VC.