Specificity of spiders among fear- and disgust-eliciting arthropods: Spiders are special, but phobics not so much

Using the internet, 968 respondents rated photos of invertebrates (mainly spiders, other chelicerates, and other arthropods) on a 7-point scale according to two emotions - fear and disgust (1 - not at all fear/disgust eliciting, 7 - great fear/strong disgust eliciting). Additionally, most of them completed two questionnaires: the Spider Phobia Questionnaire (SPQ; Klorman et al. 1974), and the Disgust Scale-Revised (DS-R; developed by Haidt et al. 1994; modified by Olatunji et al. 2007). In List 1 of the dataset, there is anonymized information about the respondents including their gender, age, SPQ and DS-R scores, level of education, and type of education. Lists 2 and 3 show scores given to each stimulus by each respondent on the fear and disgust scale, respectively. - Haidt, J., McCauley, C., & Rozin, P. (1994). Individual differences in sensitivity to disgust: A scale sampling seven domains of disgust elicitors. Pers Individ Differ, 16(5), 701-713. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(94)90212-7 - Klorman, R., Weerts, T. C., Hastings, J. E., Melamed, B. G., & Lang, P. J. (1974). Psychometric description of some specific-fear questionnaires. Behav Ther, 5(3), 401-409. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0005-7894(74)80008-0 - Olatunji, B. O., Williams, N. L., Tolin, D. F., Abramowitz, J. S., Sawchuk, C. N., Lohr, J. M., & Elwood, L. S. (2007). The Disgust Scale: item analysis, factor structure, and suggestions for refinement. Psychol Assess, 19(3), 281. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.19.3.281本研究通过互联网招募968名被试，要求其按照7点评分标准，针对无脊椎动物（主要包括蜘蛛、其他螯肢亚门动物及其他节肢动物）的照片进行两项情绪维度评分：恐惧与厌恶（1分代表完全不会引发恐惧/厌恶，7分代表会引发极强恐惧与强烈厌恶）。此外，绝大多数被试完成了两份问卷：蜘蛛恐惧问卷（Spider Phobia Questionnaire, SPQ；Klorman等人，1974）以及修订版厌恶量表（Disgust Scale-Revised, DS-R；Haidt等人于1994年编制，Olatunji等人于2007年修订）。本数据集的列表1包含被试的匿名化信息，具体涵盖性别、年龄、SPQ与DS-R得分、受教育水平及受教育类型。列表2与列表3分别展示了每名被试针对每种刺激在恐惧评分、厌恶评分维度下的得分。—— 参考文献： 1. Haidt, J., McCauley, C., & Rozin, P. (1994). 个体对厌恶的敏感性差异：基于7类厌恶诱发物的量表编制. *Pers Individ Differ*[人格与个体差异], 16(5), 701-713. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(94)90212-7 2. Klorman, R., Weerts, T. C., Hastings, J. E., Melamed, B. G., & Lang, P. J. (1974). 若干特定恐惧问卷的心理测量学描述. *Behav Ther*[行为疗法], 5(3), 401-409. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0005-7894(74)80008-0 3. Olatunji, B. O., Williams, N. L., Tolin, D. F., Abramowitz, J. S., Sawchuk, C. N., Lohr, J. M., & Elwood, L. S. (2007). 厌恶量表：项目分析、因素结构及修订建议. *Psychol Assess*[心理评估], 19(3), 281. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.19.3.281