Can short-term data accurately model long-term environmental exposures? Investigating the multigenerational adaptation potential of Daphnia magna to environmental concentrations of organic ultraviolet filters

Organic ultraviolet filters (UVFs) are contaminants of concern, ubiquitously found in many aquatic environments due to their use in personal care products to protect against ultraviolet radiation. Research regarding the toxicity of UVFs such as avobenzone, octocrylene and oxybenzone indicates that these chemicals may pose a threat to invertebrate species; however, minimal long-term studies have been conducted to determine how these UVFs may affect continuously exposed populations. The present study modeled the effects of a 5-generation exposure of Daphnia magna to these UVFs at environmental concentrations. Avobenzone and octocrylene resulted in minor, transient decreases in reproduction and wet mass. Oxybenzone exposure resulted in > 40% mortality, 46% decreased reproduction and 4-fold greater reproductive failure over the F0 and F1 generations; however, normal function was largely regained by the F2 generation. These results indicate that Daphnia are able to acclimate over long-ter..., ,