Comparison of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) serum levels following ketamine and esketamine intervention for treatment-resistant depression

Data from a randomized, double-blinded clinical trial that analyzed the impact of ketamine (0.5 mg/kg, N= 27) and esketamine (0.25 mg/kg, N= 26) in BDNF serum levels in participants with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). A total of 53 participants were enrolled, Depression severity was assessed before drug administration, at 24 hours, at 72 hours and 7 days after the intervention, using the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Blood samples for BDNF assessments were collected before infusion, at 24 hours and 7 days afterwards. No significant differences between the two drugs were found, neither for efficacy nor for impact of BDNF levels. Also BDNF levels didn't seem to predict treatment response. Results suggest that BDNF at 24 hours and 7 days after treatment may not be suitable for a biomarker in the treatment of depression with esketamine or ketamine .