Hawking Radiation: Bridging Quantum Mechanics and Gravitational Thermodynamics

Abstract This paper explores the theoretical framework of Hawking Radiation, examining the fascinating intersection between general relativity and quantum mechanics at the event horizon of a black hole. Written from the perspective of an independent researcher, this work reviews how quantum vacuum fluctuations near the boundary of a black hole lead to particle emission, effectively bestowing a thermal temperature upon these massive objects. By tracing the conceptual transition from classical gravitational collapse to quantum evaporation, this study aims to offer a clear, synthesized narrative of one of modern physics' most profound paradoxes—highlighting the implications for information loss and the quest for a unified theory of quantum gravity.