Distinct immune responses to type I and III interferons are regulated by interferon regulatory factor 1

Type I and III interferons (IFNs) are critical antiviral molecules thought to activate similar signaling cascades resulting in the induction of shared downstream IFN-stimulated genes. This study reveals an unappreciated fundamental difference in the signal transduction downstream of type I and type III IFNs that has broad implications for their functionalities during infection and inflammation. Overall design: RNA-seq profiling was performed on immortalized human hepatocytes PH5CH8 cells either as controls or IRF1 KO cells stimulated with different interferon treatments.