Integrated research framework for fine-scale analysis of long-term vegetation dynamics: Dataset Construction, dynamic Analysis, and mechanism interpretation

This dataset provides seasonal Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data with high spatiotemporal resolution for the Danjiang River Basin (Henan Section) from 2000 to 2022. By applying our proposed Enhanced Spatio-Temporal Fusion with Super-Resolution (ESTF-SR) framework, we integrated and reconstructed Landsat and MODIS data, effectively overcoming the limitations of single sensors in simultaneously achieving high spatial and temporal resolution. The resulting long-term NDVI time series features high spatial resolution (e.g., 30 meters) and strong temporal continuity (16-day intervals). Due to file size constraints, only seasonal-scale data are publicly released here. Annual-scale NDVI data can be synthesized by averaging the seasonal datasets. For other specific needs, please contact the first author. It should be noted that for this study, the annual scale is defined as the period from March to December of the current year plus January and February of the following year. Seasons are divided as follows: March to May as spring, June to August as summer, September to November as autumn, and December to February of the following year as winter.