High-Resolution Land Cover, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Chesapeake Bay Watershed and Delaware River Basin, 2013 2016

High-resolution land cover dataset for the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Twelve land cover classes were mapped:0 - Background1 - Water2 - Emergent Wetlands3 - Tree Canopy4 - Scrub/Shrub5 - Low Vegetation6 - Barren7 - Structures8 - Other Impervious Surfaces9 - Roads10 - Tree Canopy over Structures11 - Tree Canopy over Other Impervious Surfaces12 - Tree Canopy over RoadsThe complete class definitions and standards can be viewed at the link below.http://goo.gl/THacggThe primary sources used to derive this land-cover layer were 2006-2008 leaf-off LiDAR data, 2005-2008 leaf-off orthoimagery, and 2013 leaf-on orthoimagery. Ancillary data sources such as LiDAR-derived breaklines for roads and hydrology were used to augment the land-cover mapping. This land-cover dataset is considered current based on data of acquisition for the leaf-on orthoimagery. Land-cover class assignment was accomplished using a rule-based expert system embedded within an object-based framework. Object-based image analysis techniques (OBIA) work by grouping pixels into meaningful objects based on their spectral and spatial properties, while taking into account boundaries imposed by existing vector datasets. Within the OBIA environment a rule-based expert system was designed to effectively mimic the process of manual image analysis by incorporating the elements of image interpretation (color/tone, texture, pattern, location, size, and shape) into the classification process. A series of morphological procedures were employed to insure that the end product is both accurate and cartographically pleasing. Following the automated OBIA mapping a detailed manual review of the dataset was carried out at a scale of 1:3000 and all observable errors were corrected.This dataset was developed to support land-cover mapping and modeling initiatives in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed and Delaware River Basin. At the time of its publication, it represented the most accurate and detailed land cover map for the Pennsylvania portion of the Chesapeake Bay Watershed

This data is hosted at, and may be downloaded or accessed from PASDA, the Pennsylvania Spatial Data Access Geospatial Data Clearinghouse http://www.pasda.psu.edu/uci/DataSummary.aspx?dataset=3193

该数据集为宾夕法尼亚联邦的高分辨率土地覆盖数据集。其中共划分了十二种土地覆盖类别：0 - 背景区域，1 - 水域，2 - 漫滩湿地，3 - 树冠，4 - 灌木丛，5 - 低矮植被，6 - 裸土，7 - 建筑物，8 - 其他不透水表面，9 - 道路，10 - 建筑物上方的树冠，11 - 其他不透水表面上方的树冠，12 - 道路上方的树冠。完整的类别定义和标准可查看以下链接：http://goo.gl/THacgg。该土地覆盖层的数据来源主要包括2006-2008年的落叶期激光雷达数据、2005-2008年的落叶期正射影像以及2013年的落叶期正射影像。为补充土地覆盖图，还使用了如激光雷达生成的道路和水利的辅助数据。基于获取的落叶期正射影像数据，该土地覆盖数据集被认为是最新的。土地覆盖类别的分配是通过嵌入在面向对象框架中的基于规则的专家系统完成的。面向对象图像分析技术（OBIA）通过根据光谱和空间属性将像素分组为有意义的对象，同时考虑到现有矢量数据集所施加的边界。在OBIA环境中，设计了一个基于规则的专家系统，以有效模拟人工图像分析的过程，将图像解释的要素（色彩/色调、纹理、图案、位置、大小和形状）纳入分类过程。采用了一系列形态学程序，以确保最终产品既准确又具有地图美学。在自动化OBIA制图后，对数据集进行了细致的1:3000比例的手动审查，并纠正了所有可观察到的错误。该数据集的开发旨在支持切萨皮克湾流域和特拉华河流域的土地覆盖制图和建模项目。在发布时，它代表了切萨皮克湾流域宾夕法尼亚部分最精确和最详细的土地覆盖图。该数据存储在宾夕法尼亚空间数据访问地理空间数据仓库（PASDA）中，并可从以下链接下载或访问：http://www.pasda.psu.edu/uci/DataSummary.aspx?dataset=3193。