DIPTOTES BETWEEN THEORY AND PRACTICE: A GRAMMATICAL STUDY AN IN-DEPTH STUDY OF CAUSES, TYPES, AND USAGES

This article examines one of the most important and challenging topics in Arabic grammar for students: diptotes, that is, nouns that do not take tanwīn and decline in only two cases. The article explains the nature, categories, and grammatical causes behind this restriction, and illustrates them with examples taken from linguistic usage. The study relies on prominent grammatical sources and employs a descriptive-analytical methodology. The findings indicate that correctly understanding the characteristics of diptotes helps determine the appropriate case endings and prevents many common errors among learners.