WCAG

Contributions: This study offers valuable insights to MOOC designers about user priorities associated with web accessibility principles for designing web content that provides higher levels of user experience, motivating course completions. Background: MOOCs improve access to quality education. Despite policy support and more involvement by leading educational institutions worldwide, poor course completion rates undermine the objectives for MOOC diffusion. SWAYAM, the leading Indian MOOC platform, which is globally popular, has low course completion rates despite various favourable socio-demographic factors. Research Question: What are the necessary and sufficient web accessibility principles among perceivability, operability, understanding, and robustness in predicting user experience and course completion intentions of SWAYAM learners? Methodology: A cross-sectional survey (n=454) using a structured questionnaire among Indian learners currently participating in MOOCs in Swayam captured perceptions about web accessibility principles highlighted in WCAG 20 guidelines. A combined application of structural equation modelling and necessary condition analysis revealed sufficient and necessary web accessibility principles for user experience and completion intentions. Findings: Web content accessibility principles are sufficient and necessary conditions for user experience. In developing completion intentions, however, only operability and robustness have a direct impact. Additionally, all accessibility constructs produce completion intentions indirectly through user experience, which indicates that user experience plays a crucial role in determining completion intentions. In addition, results showed that perceivability and understanding are necessary for completion intentions.

贡献：本研究为慕课（MOOC）设计者提供了宝贵见解，揭示了与网络无障碍原则相关的用户优先级，这些原则旨在设计提供更高用户体验水平的网络内容，并激励课程完成。背景：慕课提升了优质教育的可获取性。尽管政策支持以及全球领先教育机构的更多参与，但课程完成率低下仍然损害了慕课扩散的目标。SWAYAM，作为领先的印度慕课平台，尽管在全球范围内广受欢迎，但其在课程完成率方面表现不佳，即便拥有多种有利的社会人口统计因素。研究问题：在可感知性、可操作性、理解性和鲁棒性等方面，哪些网络无障碍原则是预测SWAYAM学习者用户体验和课程完成意向的必要且充分条件？研究方法：通过对454名正在参加SWAYAM慕课的印度学习者进行横断面调查（采用结构化问卷），捕捉了他们对WCAG 20指南中强调的网络无障碍原则的认知。结合结构方程模型和必要条件分析，揭示了用户体验和完成意向的必要且充分网络无障碍原则。研究发现：网络内容无障碍原则是用户体验的必要且充分条件。然而，在发展完成意向的过程中，仅有可操作性和鲁棒性具有直接影响。此外，所有无障碍结构都通过用户体验间接产生完成意向，这表明用户体验在确定完成意向方面发挥着至关重要的作用。此外，研究结果还显示，可感知性和理解性对于完成意向是必要的。