D5.2 Exposure modelling results - Catalonia base case

Results of the baseline air quality simulation produced for the region of Catalonia and the year 2019. The dataset includes NetCDFs files with gridded annual mean concentrations for NO2, O3, SO2, total PM2.5 and all individual PM2.5 components (black carbon, bc; nitrates, no3; sulfates, so4; ammonium, nh4; primary organic aerosols, poa; secondary organic aerosols, soa; dust, du; sodium, na; chloride, cl; unespeciated, unspec) in ug/m3 and at a 1kmx1km resolution for the year 2019. The results were produced using the MONARCH model, which is a fully online multiscale chemical weather prediction system for regional and global-scale applications (Badia et al., 2017). The system is based on the meteorological Nonhydrostatic Multiscale Model on the B-grid (NMMB), developed and widely verified at the National Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP). The model couples the NMMB online with the gas-phase and aerosol continuity equations to solve the atmospheric chemistry processes in detail. The model is designed to account for the feedbacks among gases, aerosol particles and meteorology. Currently, it can consider the direct radiative effect of aerosols while ignoring cloud–aerosol interactions. A gas-phase module combined with a hybrid sectional-bulk mass-based aerosol module is implemented in the MONARCH model. The gas-phase chemical mechanism used is the Carbon Bond 2005 chemical mechanism (CB05) extended with chlorine chemistry. The aerosol module in the MONARCH model solves the life cycle of sea salt, dust, organic matter (both primary and secondary), black carbon, sulfate, and nitrate aerosols. The formation of SOA is considered using a simple non-volatile scheme accounting for the contribution of anthropogenic, biomass burning, and biogenic formation. The set up of MONARCH includes one nested domain, with the parent domain covering the Iberian Peninsula at 0.05 deg x 0.05 deg and the nested domain covering the region of Catalonia at 0.0125x0.0125deg. The forcing meteorology for the two domains is retrieved from the ERA5 reanalysis and dynamically interpolated to the final chemistry grid and time steps using the meteorological component of MONARCH. The chemical boundary conditions for the parent domain are retrieved from the CAMS-Global forecast. The High-Elective Resolution Modelling Emission System (HERMESv3; Guevara et al., 2019 and 2020) is used to produce the anthropogenic, ocean, and biomass burning emissions for the MONARCH model. HERMES is an open-source, parallel and stand-alone multiscale atmospheric emission modelling framework that processes gaseous and aerosol emissions for use in atmospheric chemistry models. The biogenic emissions for NMVOCs and NO are computed online within the MONARCH model using the Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature version 2.04 (MEGANv2.04). The final model output was saved in a format and for the components relevant for the health assessment model used in MARCHES, following a common protocol.