MICROSCOPIC FEATURES OF LEUKEMIC INFILTRATION IN PERIPHERAL ORGANS (LIVER, SPLEEN, LYMPH NODES)

Leukemia is a malignant neoplasm of hematopoietic origin characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal leukocytes within the bone marrow and their subsequent spread to peripheral organs. The microscopic features of leukemic infiltration in organs such as the liver, spleen, and lymph nodes provide valuable diagnostic and prognostic information regarding disease stage and aggressiveness. Leukemic cells invade these tissues through hematogenous dissemination, replacing normal parenchyma and altering organ architecture. Histologically, infiltration patterns vary between acute and chronic, myeloid and lymphoid forms of leukemia, ranging from diffuse and destructive replacement to nodular or sinusoidal involvement. Recognition of these morphological patterns under light microscopy is essential for differential diagnosis, disease monitoring, and understanding leukemic pathophysiology.