Table_1_Genome-wide analysis of R2R3-MYB genes in cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.): Gene duplications, functional conservation, and diversification.xlsx

The cultivated Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), an important oilseed and edible legume, are widely grown worldwide. The R2R3-MYB transcription factor, one of the largest gene families in plants, is involved in various plant developmental processes and responds to multiple stresses. In this study we identified 196 typical R2R3-MYB genes in the genome of cultivated peanut. Comparative phylogenetic analysis with Arabidopsis divided them into 48 subgroups. The motif composition and gene structure independently supported the subgroup delineation. Collinearity analysis indicated polyploidization, tandem, and segmental duplication were the main driver of the R2R3-MYB gene amplification in peanut. Homologous gene pairs between the two subgroups showed tissue specific biased expression. In addition, a total of 90 R2R3-MYB genes showed significant differential expression levels in response to waterlogging stress. Furthermore, we identified an SNP located in the third exon region of AdMYB03-18 (AhMYB033) by association analysis, and the three haplotypes of the SNP were significantly correlated with total branch number (TBN), pod length (PL) and root-shoot ratio (RS ratio), respectively, revealing the potential function of AdMYB03-18 (AhMYB033) in improving peanut yield. Together, these studies provide evidence for functional diversity in the R2R3-MYB genes and will contribute to understanding the function of R2R3-MYB genes in peanut.

花生（Arachis hypogaea L.），作为一种重要的油料作物和食用豆类，在全球范围内广泛种植。R2R3-MYB转录因子，作为植物中最大的基因家族之一，参与多种植物生长发育过程，并对多种胁迫作出响应。在本研究中，我们从栽培花生的基因组中鉴定出196个典型的R2R3-MYB基因。通过与拟南芥的对比系统发育分析，我们将这些基因划分为48个亚组。基序组成和基因结构独立地支持了亚组的划分。同线性分析表明，多倍化、串联重复和片段重复是花生中R2R3-MYB基因扩增的主要驱动力。两个亚组之间的同源基因对表现出组织特异性的偏向表达。此外，共有90个R2R3-MYB基因在应对水涝胁迫时表现出显著的表达水平差异。进一步地，我们通过关联分析，在AdMYB03-18（AhMYB033）的第三外显子区域鉴定到一个单核苷酸多态性（SNP），该SNP的三个等位基因分别与总枝数（TBN）、豆荚长度（PL）和根冠比（RS ratio）显著相关，揭示了AdMYB03-18（AhMYB033）在提高花生产量中的潜在功能。综上所述，这些研究为R2R3-MYB基因的功能多样性提供了证据，并将有助于理解R2R3-MYB基因在花生中的功能。