An integrated transcriptome, metabolome, and microbiome dataset of Populus under nutrient-poor conditions

The rhizosphere microbiota recruited by plants contributes significantly to maintaining host productivity and resisting stress. However, the genetic mechanisms by which plants regulate this recruitment process remain largely unclear. Here, we generated a comprehensive dataset, including 27 root transcriptomes, 27 root metabolomes, and 54 bulk or rhizosphere soil 16S rRNA amplicons across nine poplar species from four sections grown in nutrient-poor natural soil, along witheleven growth phenotype data. We provided a thoroughdescription of thisdataset, followed by a comprehensiveco-expression network analysis example that broke down the wall ofthe four-way relationship between plant gene-metabolite-microbe-phenotype, thusidentifyingthelinks between plant gene expression, metabolite accumulation, growth behavior, and rhizosphere microbiome variationunder nutrient-poorconditions. Overall, this dataset enhances our understanding of plant and microbe interactions, offering valuable strategies and novel insights for resolving how plants regulate rhizosphere microbialcompositions and functions, thereby improving host fitness, which will benefit future research.