Results obtained under the experimental conditions using L27 (313) orthogonal array design.

A represented the factor of extraction temperature(°C), B represented the factor of extraction time (h), and C represented the factor of solid to liquid ratio (g: mL).aDMSO was used as control. A negative result was defined as an inhibition zone of 10 mm. Greater than 10 mm indicated positive result of the presence of antimicrobial substance. Each value was mean and standard deviation (S.D.) of twelve replications.bKij = (1/9) ∑ mean inhibition zone of L. japonica at factor j (j = A, B, C).cRij = max {Kij}−min {Kij}, j and i mean factor and setting level here, respectively.