Table_1_Prevalence and incidence of neuropsychiatric disorders in post hospitalized COVID-19 patients in South America: a systematic review and meta-analysis.DOCX

IntroductionThere are multiple reports of neuropsychiatric disorders (NDs) such as stress, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), or anxiety, in patients who have survived the acute phase of COVID-19, being even more frequent in people who were hospitalized with moderate or severe disease. South America (SA) was one of the most affected continents during this time due to its health, social, political and economic context. We aimed to determine the prevalence and incidence of NDs in patients following hospitalization for COVID-19 in SA.Materials and methodsWe searched in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, SciELO, and Google Scholar databases up to October 2022. We performed proportion meta-analysis with a random-effect model and Freeman-Tukey Double Arcsine transformation using the STATA 16.1 program. Finally, we evaluated heterogeneity by subgroup analysis and certainty of evidence with the GRADE approach.ResultsWe included eight studies from four countries. We only pooled six studies with prevalence measures. The estimated prevalence of all NDs was 31.48% (two-studies, 95%CI: 25.82–37.43). Depression, anxiety, insomnia, PTSD, and memory alterations had a pooled prevalence of 16.23% (three-studies, 95%CI: 7.18–27.93, I2: 94.22), 18.72% (three-studies, 95%CI: 11.65–26.97, I2: 87.56), 43.07% (three-studies, 95%CI: 32.77–53.37, I2: 92.61), 31.78% (three-studies, 95%CI: 14.33–52.40, I2: 97.96), and 38.24% (two-studies, 95%CI: 35.5–40.97), respectively. The evidence included was deemed as moderate to high certainty.ConclusionWe suggest that NDs should be prioritized in research and care in South America with public policies that can support their identification and prompt management to improve the quality of life of patients. More studies are needed to adequately study the prevalence of NDs in South America, their associated factors, and evaluate the causes of heterogeneity.Systematic review registrationhttps://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.21901041.v1.

引言部份
在COVID-19急性期康复的患者中，神经精神障碍（NDs）如压力、抑郁、创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）或焦虑等疾病的报告屡见不鲜，尤其是在中度或重度疾病住院的人群中更为常见。南美洲（SA）由于其健康、社会、政治和经济背景，在此期间成为受影响最严重的洲之一。本研究旨在确定南美洲因COVID-19住院患者的NDs的患病率和发病率。
材料与方法
我们于2022年10月前在PubMed、Embase、Scopus、Web of Science、LILACS、SciELO和Google Scholar数据库中进行检索。我们使用STATA 16.1程序进行比例荟萃分析，采用随机效应模型和Freeman-Tukey双反正切变换。最后，通过亚组分析评估异质性，并采用GRADE方法评估证据的确定性。
结果
我们纳入了来自四个国家的八项研究。我们仅纳入了六项具有患病率指标的研究。所有NDs的患病率估计为31.48%（两项研究，95%CI：25.82–37.43）。抑郁、焦虑、失眠、PTSD和记忆力改变的总患病率分别为16.23%（三项研究，95%CI：7.18–27.93，I2：94.22）、18.72%（三项研究，95%CI：11.65–26.97，I2：87.56）、43.07%（三项研究，95%CI：32.77–53.37，I2：92.61）、31.78%（三项研究，95%CI：14.33–52.40，I2：97.96）和38.24%（两项研究，95%CI：35.5–40.97）。所包含的证据被认为是中到高确定性。
结论
我们建议在南美洲，应优先考虑NDs的研究和治疗，并制定公共政策以支持其识别和及时管理，从而提高患者的生活质量。需要更多的研究来充分研究南美洲NDs的患病率、相关因素以及评估异质性的原因。
系统评价注册
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.21901041.v1.